Public Health System in India

Public health system in India suffers from many problems which includes insufficient funding, shortage of facilities leading to overcrowding and severe shortage of trained health personnel. There is also lack of accountability in the public health delivery mechanisms. These are some of the reasons which have placed India at the lowest rank in the Human Development Index. India however holds top position in migration of physicians to developed countries like UK and the US. According to Planning Commission the country has a shortfall of six lakh doctors, 10 lakh nurses and two lakh dental surgeons. This has led to a dismal patient-doctor ratio in the country. For every 10,000 Indians, there is just one doctor.
The much publicized National Urban Health Mission is yet to see the light of day. The scheme plans to monitor and improve the health of 22 crore people living in urban slums in 429 cities and towns. It was to be launched mid 2008 but the mission is yet to become functional.NURM is aimed at providing accessible, affordable, effective and reliable primary health care facilities especially to urban poor. Even for NHRM there is limited progress due to lack of standardization of medical facilities.
Female feticide continues to tarnish India�s image.The child sex ratio (0-6 years) was 945 (1991 census) and this declined to 927 girls per thousand boys (in 2001 census).The figures are alarming in prosperous states like Punjab(798),Haryana (819),Chandigarh (845),Delhi (868),Gujarat (883) and Himachal Pradesh (896).

Number of PHCs,CHC and SCs
Year	CHC	PHC	SC
2007	4,045	22,370	1, 45,272

Infant Mortality Rate
Year	Rural	Urban	Total
2007	61	37	55

Number of Health Care Workers
Year	Doctors at PHCs	Specialists at PHC	Health workers	Health workers
			Male	Female
2007	22,608	5,117	62,881	1, 47,439

Higher wages make Kerala the new 'Gulf' for migrant labourers

The high wages, Rs.250-300 a day, for unskilled labour in the construction sector seems to be the main attraction for migrant labourers, say officials and manpower recruitment agencies.The last study on 'Migration in India' by the National Sample Survey Organisation (NSSO) in 2001, estimated the number at one million.While there are around two million Keralites working in the Gulf and many in various parts of India and abroad, the state faces labour shortage in its booming construction sector and the traditional agriculture sector.It is this high wage rate that is attracting labourers here. Kerala is a 'Gulf' for them. In their native place many earn as little as Rs.50 as daily wages while it is Rs.250 or more here.
Migrant labourers from the neighbouring state of Tamil Nadu, Andhra Pradesh and Karnataka have been in the state for a long time. In recent years the state has been witnessing an increased influx of workers from Orissa and West Bengal.On Kerala attracting migrant labourers when the unemployment rate remains high, recruiters say the migrant labourers cost less than the locals.According to the labour department, the average wage fixed for construction workers in Kerala is Rs 232.63.There are different norms for different items of work in the construction sector.
The officials say it is extremely difficult to maintain a close surveillance on the employment of migrant labourers. The labour contractors are required to take a licence to deploy migrant labour. They also have to make a refundable deposit of Rs.1,000 - Rs.2,000 per labourer with the department. This would help us keep track of labour migration. But when migrant labourers come on their own, it is near impossible to know how many are employed here. So the migration is a serious thing that had to be considered by officials to solve this issue.

DEVELOPMENT OF RURAL INDIA THROUGH HUMAN RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT PRACTICES

In today’s globalize world, every country is facing challenges of cut throat competition, privatization, liberalization, economy development and its allied problems.India is also facing same problems along with development of rural India. To oversee these problems, all countries look forward to the development of industry and business. By this view, business is considered as a pillar for development of the country. In India more than fifty percent of population live in rural area and are involved in agriculture practices. Thus there is a great need to focus on rural India rather merely on business and industry. In industrial undertakings development of Human Resource is carried out by using scientific Human Resource Development practices. Organizations are considering their workforce as an important resource and a valuable soul of an organization. Therefore organizations are trying to develop human resources and utilizing their whole potential for the organization development.

If we consider whole country as a business house then all people of the country will act as important human resource of the country. If proper utilization of these human resources for the development of the country is took place, then these human resources will act as most important asset of the country. HRD practices are one of the important tools in development of Human Resources of the country. Therefore there is a great need to undertake HRD practices for the optimum utilization of country people which will result in whole development of country. If we will concentrate on development of rural area by applying suitable HRD parameters, it will anticipate in-depth research of the current rural scenario in India with the challenges poses and the approach of HRD practices towards the rural environment.

Janamaithri Suraksha Project=Community Policing Programme

Janamaithri Suraksha Project - The Objectives
Prevention of Crimes
Furthering co-operation and mutual understanding between Police and the Community
Furthering Security-related mutual co-operation among Citizenry

Janamaithri Suraksha Samithi

In every Police Station a ‘Janamaithri Suraksha Samithi’ should be formed. The Samithi should Endeavour to undertake and implement the ‘Janamaithri Suraksha Project’ within the limits of the respective Police Station. In every Police Station a ‘Janamaithri Suraksha Samithi’ should be formed. The Samithi should Endeavour to undertake and implement the ‘Janamaithri Suraksha Project’ within the limits of the respective Police Station. The Samithi should have proportionate representation from among women and the Schedules Castes and Tribes. Respectable citizens from the locality who are active in the educational and cultural field should be included in the committee. High School/College Headmaster/Principal, Teachers, Retired Officers, Ex-servicemen, Corporation/Ward councillors, Merchants, NGOs, Workers’ representatives, Residents’ Association office-bearers, postmen, Kudumbasree office bearers etc. may be included in the Committee.

The Samithi should have at least ten members, and preferably not exceed 25. From amongst the Samithi members, the District Superintendent of Police may nominate one member as the Convener. The meetings of the Samithi will be chaired by the Circle Inspector of Police and the Station House Officer will officiate as Secretary. An Additional Sub Inspector or an Assistant Sub Inspector from the Police Station may be designated as the Community Relations Officer by the Station House Officer. The Community Relations Officer should dedicate himself to the cause of implementation of the ‘Janamaithri Suraksha Project’ and should render all help to the Station House Officer for the success of the programme.

Subjects for Discussion in Samithi meetings

Any matter concerned with security of the area - problems like theft, robbery, bootlegging, traffic offences etc.and their remedial measures.
Introducing patrolling with a view to preventing crime, traffic warden system etc.
Organizing awareness programmes to educate the public on reducing crime and about security measures tobe installed / introduced.
Information regarding organised crimes, environmental crimes etc. in the area.

Activities of the Samithi

Night patrolling with public co-operation
Coordinating with private security guards
Knowing new residents and strangers
Fitting Burglar Alarm and security systems
Helping senior citizens and physically challenged citizens
Protection of women and children
Awareness programmes
Traffic Warden Systems
Organising Counselling centres to resolve family discords, drinking habits etc. may be started
Monitoring maintenance of street lights, traffic lights etc.
Implementation of projects encouraging blood donation, eye donation, organ donation etc.
Organising Self Defence Courses
School -based safety & vigilance programmes
Cooperating with Kudumbasree Units etc.
Preventing illicit sale of liquor and drugs
Monitoring illegal financial institutions
Complaint Card Systems
Disaster Management and Mitigation
Trauma, Rescue and First Aid Projects
Victim Support Cells

IN FUTURE THE COMMUNITY POLICE WOULD ACT AS BETTER RELIEFAND PROTECTION OF LOCAL PEOPLE.

NGOs in Kerala protest against Bt Brinjal consultation

More than 15 persons representing non-governmental organisations from Kerala will attend the public consultation being organised by the Ministry of Environment in Bangalore on January 25, on permitting commercial release of genetically modified brinjal (Bt Brinjal) in the country.The non-governmental organisations- Thanal, Jaiva Karshaka Samithi, One Earth One Life, Chilla, Periyar Malineekarana Virudha Samithi, Karshika Karma Sena (Trivandrum) and Haritha Sena (Kozhikode), are opposing the release citing risks.
Union Minister for Environment and Forests Jairam Ramesh had announced the holding of the consultations at different places following protests against approval granted by the Genetic Engineering Approval Committee under the Ministry for the first ever release of a genetically modified (GM) food in India.
According to these organisations, there is extensive evidence demonstrating that GM crops and foods cause adverse impacts on human and animal health, and also on the environment. In addition, it seriously compromises farmers´ and consumers´ socio-political and economic rights and also cultural norms.A recent study, published in the International Journal of Biological Sciences, showed that genetically modified corn caused damage to organs in rats. Effects were mostly associated with the kidney and liver though heart, adrenal glands, spleen and haematopoietic system were also found to be affected.Campaigners against Bt Brinjal said that the Approval Committee had violated transparent, fair, independent and scientific enquiry norms. Many members of the committee were representatives of institutions promoting genetically modified crops.
Brinjal contributes to almost eight per cent of vegetable production in India and is a widely consumed vegetable. If Bt Brinjal is released, there is a very high risk of cross contamination of natural varieties and could potentially wipe out many indigenous brinjal varieties. In addition, there is very high risk that related species could also be contaminated irreversibly.